Pull and Push: Proximity-Aware User Interface for Navigating in 3D Space Using a Handheld Camera

In the 3D object controlling or virtual space wandering tasks, it is necessary to provide the efficient zoom operation. The common method is using the combination of the mouse and keyboard. This method requires users familiar with the operation which needs much time to practice. This paper presents two methods to recognize the zoom operation by sensing users’ pull and push movement. People only need to hold a camera in hand and when they pull or push hands, our approach will sense the proximity and translate it into the zoom operation in the tasks. By user studies, we have compared different methods’ correct rate and analyzed the factors which will affect the approach’s performance. The results show that our methods are real-time and high accurate.